hpmc.integrate¶
Overview
hpmc.integrate.convex_polygon |
HPMC integration for convex polygons (2D). |
hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron |
HPMC integration for convex polyhedra (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron_union |
HPMC integration for unions of convex polyhedra (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolygon |
HPMC integration for convex spheropolygons (2D). |
hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron |
HPMC integration for spheropolyhedra (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron_union |
HPMC integration for unions of convex polyhedra (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.ellipsoid |
HPMC integration for ellipsoids (2D/3D). |
hpmc.integrate.faceted_sphere |
HPMC integration for faceted spheres (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.interaction_matrix |
Define pairwise interaction matrix |
hpmc.integrate.mode_hpmc |
Base class HPMC integrator. |
hpmc.integrate.polyhedron |
HPMC integration for general polyhedra (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.simple_polygon |
HPMC integration for simple polygons (2D). |
hpmc.integrate.sphere |
HPMC integration for spheres (2D/3D). |
hpmc.integrate.sphere_union |
HPMC integration for unions of spheres (3D). |
hpmc.integrate.sphinx |
HPMC integration for sphinx particles (3D). |
Details
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
convex_polygon
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for convex polygons (2D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Note
For concave polygons, use
simple_polygon
.Convex polygon parameters:
vertices (required) - vertices of the polygon as is a list of (x,y) tuples of numbers (distance units)
- Vertices MUST be specified in a counter-clockwise order.
- The origin MUST be contained within the vertices.
- Points inside the polygon MUST NOT be included.
- The origin centered circle that encloses all vertices should be of minimal size for optimal performance (e.g. don’t put the origin right next to an edge).
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Warning
HPMC does not check that all requirements are met. Undefined behavior will result if they are violated.
Examples:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polygon(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polygon(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(-0.5, -0.5), (0.5, -0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (-0.5, 0.5)]); print('vertices = ', mc.shape_param['A'].vertices)
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Example
>>> mc.get_type_shapes() [{'type': 'Polygon', 'rounding_radius': 0, 'vertices': [[-0.5, -0.5], [0.5, -0.5], [0.5, 0.5], [-0.5, 0.5]]}]
Returns: A list of dictionaries, one for each particle type in the system.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
convex_polyhedron
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', max_verts=None, restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for convex polyhedra (3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – (Override the automatic choice for the number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- max_verts (int) – Set the maximum number of vertices in a polyhedron. (deprecated in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Convex polyhedron parameters:
vertices (required) - vertices of the polyhedron as is a list of (x,y,z) tuples of numbers (distance units)
- The origin MUST be contained within the vertices.
- The origin centered circle that encloses all vertices should be of minimal size for optimal performance (e.g. don’t put the origin right next to a face).
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Warning
HPMC does not check that all requirements are met. Undefined behavior will result if they are violated.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, -0.5, 0.5)]); print('vertices = ', mc.shape_param['A'].vertices)
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=1,nR=3,depletant_type='B') mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, -0.5, 0.5)]); mc.shape_param.set('B', vertices=[(0.05, 0.05, 0.05), (0.05, -0.05, -0.05), (-0.05, 0.05, -0.05), (-0.05, -0.05, 0.05)]);
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Example
>>> mc.get_type_shapes() [{'type': 'ConvexPolyhedron', 'rounding_radius': 0, 'vertices': [[0.5, 0.5, 0.5], [0.5, -0.5, -0.5], [-0.5, 0.5, -0.5], [-0.5, -0.5, 0.5]]}]
Returns: A list of dictionaries, one for each particle type in the system.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
convex_polyhedron_union
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere')¶ HPMC integration for unions of convex polyhedra (3D).
Deprecated since version 2.4: Replaced by
convex_spheropolyhedron_union
. This class stays in place for compatibility with older scripts.Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- max_members (int) – Set the maximum number of members in the convex polyhedron union
- capacity (int) – Set to the number of constituent convex polyhedra per leaf node
New in version 2.2.
Convex polyhedron union parameters:
vertices (required) - list of vertex lists of the polyhedra in particle coordinates.
centers (required) - list of centers of constituent polyhedra in particle coordinates.
orientations (required) - list of orientations of constituent polyhedra.
overlap (default: 1 for all particles) - only check overlap between constituent particles for which overlap [i] & overlap[j] is !=0, where ‘&’ is the bitwise AND operator.
sweep_radii (default: 0 for all particle) - radii of spheres sweeping out each constituent polyhedron
New in version 2.4.
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking.
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron_union(seed=27) mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_polyhedron_union(seed=27, d=0.3, a=0.4) cube_verts = [[-1,-1,-1],[-1,-1,1],[-1,1,1],[-1,1,-1], [1,-1,-1],[1,-1,1],[1,1,1],[1,1,-1]] mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[cube_verts, cube_verts], centers=[[-1,0,0],[1,0,0]],orientations=[[1,0,0,0],[1,0,0,0]]); print('vertices of the first cube = ', mc.shape_param['A'].members[0].vertices) print('center of the first cube = ', mc.shape_param['A'].centers[0]) print('orientation of the first cube = ', mc.shape_param['A'].orientations[0])
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
convex_spheropolygon
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for convex spheropolygons (2D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Spheropolygon parameters:
vertices (required) - vertices of the polygon as is a list of (x,y) tuples of numbers (distance units)
- The origin MUST be contained within the shape.
- The origin centered circle that encloses all vertices should be of minimal size for optimal performance (e.g. don’t put the origin right next to an edge).
sweep_radius (default: 0.0) - the radius of the sphere swept around the edges of the polygon (distance units) - optional
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Useful cases:
- A 1-vertex spheropolygon is a disk.
- A 2-vertex spheropolygon is a spherocylinder.
Warning
HPMC does not check that all requirements are met. Undefined behavior will result if they are violated.
Examples:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolygon(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolygon(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(-0.5, -0.5), (0.5, -0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (-0.5, 0.5)], sweep_radius=0.1, ignore_statistics=False); mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(0,0)], sweep_radius=0.5, ignore_statistics=True); print('vertices = ', mc.shape_param['A'].vertices)
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Example
>>> mc.get_type_shapes() [{'type': 'Polygon', 'rounding_radius': 0.1, 'vertices': [[-0.5, -0.5], [0.5, -0.5], [0.5, 0.5], [-0.5, 0.5]]}]
Returns: A list of dictionaries, one for each particle type in the system.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
convex_spheropolyhedron
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', max_verts=None, restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for spheropolyhedra (3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- max_verts (int) – Set the maximum number of vertices in a polyhedron. (deprecated in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
A spheropolyhedron can also represent spheres (0 or 1 vertices), and spherocylinders (2 vertices).
Spheropolyhedron parameters:
vertices (required) - vertices of the polyhedron as is a list of (x,y,z) tuples of numbers (distance units)
- The origin MUST be contained within the vertices.
- The origin centered sphere that encloses all vertices should be of minimal size for optimal performance (e.g. don’t put the origin right next to a face).
- A sphere can be represented by specifying zero vertices (i.e. vertices=[]) and a non-zero radius R
- Two vertices and a non-zero radius R define a prolate spherocylinder.
sweep_radius (default: 0.0) - the radius of the sphere swept around the edges of the polygon (distance units) - optional
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Warning
HPMC does not check that all requirements are met. Undefined behavior will result if they are violated.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param['tetrahedron'].set(vertices=[(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, -0.5, 0.5)]); print('vertices = ', mc.shape_param['A'].vertices) mc.shape_param['SphericalDepletant'].set(vertices=[], sweep_radius=0.1, ignore_statistics=True);
Depletants example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nR=3,depletant_type='SphericalDepletant') mc.shape_param['tetrahedron'].set(vertices=[(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, -0.5, 0.5)]); mc.shape_param['SphericalDepletant'].set(vertices=[], sweep_radius=0.1);
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Example
>>> mc.get_type_shapes() [{'type': 'ConvexPolyhedron', 'rounding_radius': 0.1, 'vertices': [[0.5, 0.5, 0.5], [0.5, -0.5, -0.5], [-0.5, 0.5, -0.5], [-0.5, -0.5, 0.5]]}]
Returns: A list of dictionaries, one for each particle type in the system.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
convex_spheropolyhedron_union
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere')¶ HPMC integration for unions of convex polyhedra (3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- max_members (int) – Set the maximum number of members in the convex polyhedron union
- capacity (int) – Set to the number of constituent convex polyhedra per leaf node
New in version 2.2.
Convex polyhedron union parameters:
vertices (required) - list of vertex lists of the polyhedra in particle coordinates.
centers (required) - list of centers of constituent polyhedra in particle coordinates.
orientations (required) - list of orientations of constituent polyhedra.
overlap (default: 1 for all particles) - only check overlap between constituent particles for which overlap [i] & overlap[j] is !=0, where ‘&’ is the bitwise AND operator.
sweep_radii (default: 0 for all particle) - radii of spheres sweeping out each constituent polyhedron
New in version 2.4.
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking.
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron_union(seed=27) mc = hpmc.integrate.convex_spheropolyhedron_union(seed=27, d=0.3, a=0.4) cube_verts = [[-1,-1,-1],[-1,-1,1],[-1,1,1],[-1,1,-1], [1,-1,-1],[1,-1,1],[1,1,1],[1,1,-1]] mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[cube_verts, cube_verts], centers=[[-1,0,0],[1,0,0]],orientations=[[1,0,0,0],[1,0,0,0]]); print('vertices of the first cube = ', mc.shape_param['A'].members[0].vertices) print('center of the first cube = ', mc.shape_param['A'].centers[0]) print('orientation of the first cube = ', mc.shape_param['A'].orientations[0])
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
ellipsoid
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for ellipsoids (2D/3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Ellipsoid parameters:
a (required) - principle axis a of the ellipsoid (radius in the x direction) (distance units)
b (required) - principle axis b of the ellipsoid (radius in the y direction) (distance units)
c (required) - principle axis c of the ellipsoid (radius in the z direction) (distance units)
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.ellipsoid(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.ellipsoid(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', a=0.5, b=0.25, c=0.125); print('ellipsoids parameters (a,b,c) = ', mc.shape_param['A'].a, mc.shape_param['A'].b, mc.shape_param['A'].c)
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.ellipsoid(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=1,nR=50,depletant_type='B') mc.shape_param.set('A', a=0.5, b=0.25, c=0.125); mc.shape_param.set('B', a=0.05, b=0.05, c=0.05);
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
faceted_sphere
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for faceted spheres (3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
A faceted sphere is a sphere intersected with halfspaces. The equation defining each halfspace is given by:
\[n_i\cdot r + b_i \le 0\]where \(n_i\) is the face normal, and \(b_i\) is the offset.
Warning
The origin must be chosen so as to lie inside the shape, or the overlap check will not work. This condition is not checked.
Faceted sphere parameters:
normals (required) - list of (x,y,z) tuples defining the facet normals (distance units)
offsets (required) - list of offsets (distance unit^2)
diameter (required) - diameter of sphere
vertices (required) - list of vertices for intersection polyhedron
origin (required) - origin vector
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Warning
Planes must not be coplanar.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.faceted_sphere(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.faceted_sphere(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', normals=[(-1,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,-1,0),(0,1,0),(0,0,-1),(0,0,1)],diameter=1.0); print('diameter = ', mc.shape_param['A'].diameter)
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.pathcy_sphere(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=1,nR=3,depletant_type='B') mc.shape_param.set('A', normals=[(-1,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,-1,0),(0,1,0),(0,0,-1),(0,0,1)],diameter=1.0); mc.shape_param.set('B', normals=[],diameter=0.1);
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
interaction_matrix
¶ Define pairwise interaction matrix
All shapes use
interaction_matrix
to define the interaction matrix between different pairs of particles indexed by type. The set of pair coefficients is a symmetric matrix defined over all possible pairs of particle types.By default, all elements of the interaction matrix are 1, that means that overlaps are checked between all pairs of types. To disable overlap checking for a specific type pair, set the coefficient for that pair to 0.
Access the interaction matrix with a saved integrator object like so:
from hoomd import hpmc mc = hpmc.integrate.some_shape(arguments...) mv.overlap_checks.set('A', 'A', enable=False) mc.overlap_checks.set('A', 'B', enable=True) mc.overlap_checks.set('B', 'B', enable=False)
New in version 2.1.
-
set
(a, b, enable)¶ Sets parameters for one type pair.
Parameters: By default, all interaction matrix elements are set to ‘True’.
It is not an error, to specify matrix elements for particle types that do not exist in the simulation.
There is no need to specify matrix elements for both pairs ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘B’, ‘A’. Specifying only one is sufficient.
To set the same elements between many particle types, provide a list of type names instead of a single one. All pairs between the two lists will be set to the same parameters.
Examples:
mc.overlap_checks.set('A', 'A', False); mc.overlap_checks.set('B', 'B', False); mc.overlap_checks.set('A', 'B', True); mc.overlap_checks.set(['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], 'F', True); mc.overlap_checks.set(['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], False);
-
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
mode_hpmc
(implicit, depletant_mode=None)¶ Base class HPMC integrator.
mode_hpmc
is the base class for all HPMC integrators. It provides common interface elements. Users should not instantiate this class directly. Methods documented here are available to all hpmc integrators.State data
HPMC integrators can save and restore the following state information to gsd files:
- Maximum trial move displacement d
- Maximum trial rotation move a
- Shape parameters for all types.
State data are not written by default. You must explicitly request that state data for an mc integrator is written to a gsd file (see
hoomd.dump.gsd.dump_state()
).mc = hoomd.hpmc.shape(...) gsd = hoomd.dump.gsd(...) gsd.dump_state(mc)
State data are not restored by default. You must explicitly request that state data be restored when initializing the integrator.
init.read_gsd(...) mc = hoomd.hpmc.shape(..., restore_state=True)
See the State data section of the HOOMD GSD schema for details on GSD data chunk names and how the data are stored.
Depletants
HPMC supports integration with depletants. An ideal gas of depletants is generated ‘on-the-fly’ and and used in the Metropolis acceptance criterion for the ‘colloid’ particles. Depletants are of arbitrary shape, however they are assumed to be ‘hard’ only with respect to the colloids, and mutually interpenetrable. The main idea is described in See J. Glaser et. al. 2015 .
As of version 2.2, hoomd.hpmc supports a new acceptance rule for depletants which is enabled with the depletant_mode=’overlap_regions’ argument. The new mode results in free diffusion of colloids that do not share any overlap volume with other colloids. This speeds up equilibration of dilute systems of colloids in a dense depletant bath. Both modes yield the same equilibrium statistics, but different dynamics (Glaser, to be published).
-
count_overlaps
()¶ Count the number of overlaps.
Returns: The number of overlaps in the current system configuration Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.shape(..); mc.shape_param.set(....); run(100) num_overlaps = mc.count_overlaps();
-
get_a
(type=None)¶ Get the maximum trial rotation.
Parameters: type (str) – Type name to query. Returns: The current value of the ‘a’ parameter of the integrator.
-
get_configurational_bias_ratio
()¶ Get the average ratio of configurational bias attempts to depletant insertion moves.
Only supported with depletant_mode==’circumsphere’.
Returns: The average configurational bias ratio during the last hoomd.run()
.Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.shape(..,implicit=True); mc.shape_param.set(....); run(100) cb_ratio = mc.get_configurational_bias_ratio();
-
get_counters
()¶ Get all trial move counters.
Returns: A dictionary containing all trial moves counted during the last hoomd.run()
.The dictionary contains the entries:
- translate_accept_count - count of the number of accepted translate moves
- translate_reject_count - count of the number of rejected translate moves
- rotate_accept_count - count of the number of accepted rotate moves
- rotate_reject_count - count of the number of rejected rotate moves
- overlap_checks - estimate of the number of overlap checks performed
- translate_acceptance - Average translate acceptance ratio over the run
- rotate_acceptance - Average rotate acceptance ratio over the run
- move_count - Count of the number of trial moves during the run
-
get_d
(type=None)¶ Get the maximum trial displacement.
Parameters: type (str) – Type name to query. Returns: The current value of the ‘d’ parameter of the integrator.
-
get_depletant_type
()¶ Get the depletant type
Returns: The type of particle used as depletant (the ‘depletant_type’ argument of the integrator).
-
get_move_ratio
()¶ Get the current probability of attempting translation moves.
Returns: The current value of the ‘move_ratio’ parameter of the integrator.
-
get_mps
()¶ Get the number of trial moves per second.
Returns: The number of trial moves per second performed during the last hoomd.run()
.
-
get_nR
()¶ Get depletant density
Returns: The current value of the ‘nR’ parameter of the integrator.
-
get_nselect
()¶ Get nselect parameter.
Returns: The current value of the ‘nselect’ parameter of the integrator.
-
get_ntrial
()¶ Get ntrial parameter.
Returns: The current value of the ‘ntrial’ parameter of the integrator.
-
get_rotate_acceptance
()¶ Get the average acceptance ratio for rotate moves.
Returns: The average rotate accept ratio during the last hoomd.run()
.Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.shape(..); mc.shape_param.set(....); run(100) t_accept = mc.get_rotate_acceptance();
-
get_translate_acceptance
()¶ Get the average acceptance ratio for translate moves.
Returns: The average translate accept ratio during the last hoomd.run()
.Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.shape(..); mc.shape_param.set(....); run(100) t_accept = mc.get_translate_acceptance();
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Since this behaves differently for different types of shapes, the default behavior just raises an exception. Subclasses can override this to properly return.
-
map_overlaps
()¶ Build an overlap map of the system
Returns: List of tuples. True/false value of the i,j entry indicates overlap/non-overlap of the ith and jth particles (by tag) Note
map_overlaps()
does not support MPI parallel simulations.Example
mc = hpmc.integrate.shape(…) mc.shape_param.set(…) overlap_map = np.asarray(mc.map_overlaps())
-
restore_state
()¶ Restore the state information from the file used to initialize the simulations
-
set_params
(d=None, a=None, move_ratio=None, nselect=None, nR=None, depletant_type=None, ntrial=None, deterministic=None)¶ Changes parameters of an existing integration mode.
Parameters: - d (float) – (if set) Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – (if set) Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – (if set) New value for the move ratio.
- nselect (int) – (if set) New value for the number of particles to select for trial moves in one cell.
- nR (int) – (if set) Implicit depletants only: Number density of implicit depletants in free volume.
- depletant_type (str) – (if set) Implicit depletants only: Particle type to use as implicit depletant.
- ntrial (int) – (if set) Implicit depletants only: Number of re-insertion attempts per overlapping depletant. (Only supported with depletant_mode=’circumsphere’)
- deterministic (bool) – (if set) Make HPMC integration deterministic on the GPU by sorting the cell list.
Note
Simulations are only deterministic with respect to the same execution configuration (CPU or GPU) and number of MPI ranks. Simulation output will not be identical if either of these is changed.
-
setup_pos_writer
(pos, colors={})¶ Set pos_writer definitions for specified shape parameters.
Parameters: - pos (
hoomd.deprecated.dump.pos
) – pos writer to setup - colors (dict) – dictionary of type name to color mappings
setup_pos_writer()
uses the shape_param settings to specify the shape definitions (via set_def) to the provided pos file writer. This overrides any previous values specified tohoomd.deprecated.dump.pos.set_def()
.colors allows you to set per-type colors for particles. Specify colors as strings in the injavis format. When colors is not specified for a type, all colors default to
005984FF
.Examples:
mc = hpmc.integrate.shape(...); mc.shape_param.set(....); pos = pos_writer.dumpy.pos("dump.pos", period=100); mc.setup_pos_writer(pos, colors=dict(A='005984FF'));
- pos (
-
test_overlap
(type_i, type_j, rij, qi, qj, use_images=True, exclude_self=False)¶ Test overlap between two particles.
Parameters: - type_i (str) – Type of first particle
- type_j (str) – Type of second particle
- rij (tuple) – Separation vector rj-ri between the particle centers
- qi (tuple) – Orientation quaternion of first particle
- qj (tuple) – Orientation quaternion of second particle
- use_images (bool) – If True, check for overlap between the periodic images of the particles by adding the image vector to the separation vector
- exclude_self (bool) – If both use_images and exclude_self are true, exclude the primary image
For two-dimensional shapes, pass the third dimension of rij as zero.
Returns: True if the particles overlap.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
polyhedron
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for general polyhedra (3D).
This shape uses an internal OBB tree for fast collision queries. Depending on the number of constituent spheres in the tree, different values of the number of spheres per leaf node may yield different optimal performance. The capacity of leaf nodes is configurable.
Only triangle meshes and spheres are supported. The mesh must be free of self-intersections.
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Polyhedron parameters:
vertices (required) - vertices of the polyhedron as is a list of (x,y,z) tuples of numbers (distance units)
- The origin MUST strictly be contained in the generally nonconvex volume defined by the vertices and faces
- The (0,0,0) centered sphere that encloses all vertices should be of minimal size for optimal performance (e.g. don’t translate the shape such that (0,0,0) right next to a face).
faces (required) - a list of vertex indices for every face
sweep_radius (default: 0.0) - rounding radius applied to polyhedron
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
capacity (default: 4) - set to the maximum number of particles per leaf node for better performance
New in version 2.2.
origin (default: (0,0,0)) - a point strictly inside the shape, needed for correctness of overlap checks
New in version 2.2.
hull_only (default: True) - if True, only consider intersections between hull polygons
New in version 2.2.
Warning
HPMC does not check that all requirements are met. Undefined behavior will result if they are violated.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.polyhedron(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.polyhedron(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(-0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, -0.5, 0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, 0.5), \ (0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (0.5, -0.5, 0.5), (0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5)],\ faces = [(7, 3, 1, 5), (7, 5, 4, 6), (7, 6, 2, 3), (3, 2, 0, 1), (0, 2, 6, 4), (1, 0, 4, 5)]); print('vertices = ', mc.shape_param['A'].vertices) print('faces = ', mc.shape_param['A'].faces)
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.polyhedron(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=1,nR=3,depletant_type='B') faces = [(7, 3, 1, 5), (7, 5, 4, 6), (7, 6, 2, 3), (3, 2, 0, 1), (0, 2, 6, 4), (1, 0, 4, 5)]; mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(-0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, -0.5, 0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (-0.5, 0.5, 0.5), \ (0.5, -0.5, -0.5), (0.5, -0.5, 0.5), (0.5, 0.5, -0.5), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5)], faces = faces); mc.shape_param.set('B', vertices=[(-0.05, -0.05, -0.05), (-0.05, -0.05, 0.05), (-0.05, 0.05, -0.05), (-0.05, 0.05, 0.05), \ (0.05, -0.05, -0.05), (0.05, -0.05, 0.05), (0.05, 0.05, -0.05), (0.05, 0.05, 0.05)], faces = faces, origin = (0,0,0));
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
simple_polygon
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for simple polygons (2D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Note
For simple polygons that are not concave, use
convex_polygon
, it will execute much faster thansimple_polygon
.Simple polygon parameters:
vertices (required) - vertices of the polygon as is a list of (x,y) tuples of numbers (distance units)
- Vertices MUST be specified in a counter-clockwise order.
- The polygon may be concave, but edges must not cross.
- The origin doesn’t necessarily need to be inside the shape.
- The origin centered circle that encloses all vertices should be of minimal size for optimal performance.
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Warning
HPMC does not check that all requirements are met. Undefined behavior will result if they are violated.
Examples:
mc = hpmc.integrate.simple_polygon(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.simple_polygon(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', vertices=[(0, 0.5), (-0.5, -0.5), (0, 0), (0.5, -0.5)]); print('vertices = ', mc.shape_param['A'].vertices)
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Example
>>> mc.get_type_shapes() [{'type': 'Polygon', 'rounding_radius': 0, 'vertices': [[-0.5, -0.5], [0.5, -0.5], [0.5, 0.5], [-0.5, 0.5]]}]
Returns: A list of dictionaries, one for each particle type in the system.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
sphere
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for spheres (2D/3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float, only with orientable=True) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type. (added in version 2.3)
- move_ratio (float, only used with orientable=True) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves. (added in version 2.3)
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Hard particle Monte Carlo integration method for spheres.
Sphere parameters:
diameter (required) - diameter of the sphere (distance units)
orientable (default: False) - set to True for spheres with orientation (added in version 2.3)
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Examples:
mc = hpmc.integrate.sphere(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.sphere(seed=415236, d=0.3) mc.shape_param.set('A', diameter=1.0) mc.shape_param.set('B', diameter=2.0) mc.shape_param.set('C', diameter=1.0, orientable=True) print('diameter = ', mc.shape_param['A'].diameter)
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.sphere(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=8,nR=3,depletant_type='B') mc.shape_param.set('A', diameter=1.0) mc.shape_param.set('B', diameter=.1)
-
get_type_shapes
()¶ Get all the types of shapes in the current simulation.
Examples
The types will be either Sphere or Disk, depending on system dimensionality.
>>> mc.get_type_shapes() # in 3D [{'type': 'Sphere', 'diameter': 1.0, 'orientable': False}] >>> mc.get_type_shapes() # in 2D [{'type': 'Disk', 'diameter': 1.0, 'orientable': False}]
Returns: A list of dictionaries, one for each particle type in the system.
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
sphere_union
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', max_members=None, restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for unions of spheres (3D).
This shape uses an internal OBB tree for fast collision queries. Depending on the number of constituent spheres in the tree, different values of the number of spheres per leaf node may yield different optimal performance. The capacity of leaf nodes is configurable.
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- max_members (int) – Set the maximum number of members in the sphere union * .. deprecated:: 2.2
- capacity (int) – Set to the number of constituent spheres per leaf node. (added in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Sphere union parameters:
diameters (required) - list of diameters of the spheres (distance units).
centers (required) - list of centers of constituent spheres in particle coordinates.
overlap (default: 1 for all spheres) - only check overlap between constituent particles for which overlap [i] & overlap[j] is !=0, where ‘&’ is the bitwise AND operator.
New in version 2.1.
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking.
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
- capacity (default: 4) - set to the maximum number of particles per leaf node for better performance
New in version 2.2.
Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.sphere_union(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.sphere_union(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', diameters=[1.0, 1.0], centers=[(-0.25, 0.0, 0.0), (0.25, 0.0, 0.0)]); print('diameter of the first sphere = ', mc.shape_param['A'].members[0].diameter) print('center of the first sphere = ', mc.shape_param['A'].centers[0])
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.sphere_union(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=1,nR=50,depletant_type='B') mc.shape_param.set('A', diameters=[1.0, 1.0], centers=[(-0.25, 0.0, 0.0), (0.25, 0.0, 0.0)]); mc.shape_param.set('B', diameters=[0.05], centers=[(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)]);
-
class
hoomd.hpmc.integrate.
sphinx
(seed, d=0.1, a=0.1, move_ratio=0.5, nselect=4, implicit=False, depletant_mode='circumsphere', restore_state=False)¶ HPMC integration for sphinx particles (3D).
Parameters: - seed (int) – Random number seed.
- d (float) – Maximum move displacement, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- a (float) – Maximum rotation move, Scalar to set for all types, or a dict containing {type:size} to set by type.
- move_ratio (float) – Ratio of translation moves to rotation moves.
- nselect (int) – The number of trial moves to perform in each cell.
- implicit (bool) – Flag to enable implicit depletants.
- depletant_mode (string, only with implicit=True) – Where to place random depletants, either ‘circumsphere’ or ‘overlap_regions’ (added in version 2.2)
- restore_state (bool) – Restore internal state from initialization file when True. See
mode_hpmc
for a description of what state data restored. (added in version 2.2)
Sphinx particles are dimpled spheres (spheres with ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ volumes).
Sphinx parameters:
diameters - diameters of spheres (positive OR negative real numbers)
centers - centers of spheres in local coordinate frame
ignore_statistics (default: False) - set to True to disable ignore for statistics tracking
ignore_overlaps (default: False) - set to True to disable overlap checks between this and other types with ignore_overlaps=True
Deprecated since version 2.1: Replaced by
interaction_matrix
.
Quick Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.sphinx(seed=415236) mc = hpmc.integrate.sphinx(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4) mc.shape_param.set('A', centers=[(0,0,0),(1,0,0)], diameters=[1,.25]) print('diameters = ', mc.shape_param['A'].diameters)
Depletants Example:
mc = hpmc.integrate.sphinx(seed=415236, d=0.3, a=0.4, implicit=True, depletant_mode='circumsphere') mc.set_param(nselect=1,nR=3,depletant_type='B') mc.shape_param.set('A', centers=[(0,0,0),(1,0,0)], diameters=[1,-.25]) mc.shape_param.set('B', centers=[(0,0,0)], diameters=[.15])